the computer flash

banyak sekali bisnis online yang beredar pada internet sampai-sampai para pendaftar tidak di pungutin biayaya apa pun agar bisnis ya bisa meraup ke suksesan di internet untuk itu

            Pada versi sebelumnya, windows XP mudah dimasuki oleh para pengguna yang tidak mengetahui password user yang ada, sehingga orang yang tidak mengetahui passwordnya akan memasuki akun administrator. Tetapi pada versi windows 7 akun administrator secara default di hidden oleh system sehingga pengguna awam yang tidak tahu password tidak dapat memasuki akun. Oleh sebab itu, ada cara yang bisa di coba untuk masuk ke windows 7 administrator dengan cara dibawah ini.
Caranya sebagai berikut :
1. Sebelum windows ter-boot tekan F8
2. Lalu pilih Repair your computer
3. Setelah sudah tampil interface dari Jendela Repair Your Computer, klik Open Command Prompt,
4. Lalu tulis ” net user administrator /active:yes”
5. Setelah ada pesan the command active successfully
6. Lalu tulis ” net user administrator password anda ” ganti kata password anda sesuai keinginan,
7. Lalu tutup command prompt
8. Klik restart komputer
Semoga Bermanfaat

While this is a bit of specific case, I do know plenty of people besides myself who are using a single Apple ID to share apps between several devices. This capability, along with the inexpensive and contract-free iPod Touch, is one of the big attractions of the Apple ecosystem for families. I have an iPhone 4 and an iPad 2, my wife has a 3GS, and my two boys each have an iPod Touch. We also have an Apple TV in the house now, and when I upgrade the 4S in a month (I hate you AT&T), my wife will inherit my iPhone 4 and my 5 year old daughter will take her 3GS to use without the SIM as an iPod. Thanks to the ability to share my original Apple ID, we’ve been able to save a lot of money in apps and music over time. The Apple ecosystem makes perfect sense for a family like us, and I know many others who are doing the same things with several Apple devices in their households.

As great a fit as the Apple ecosystem has been, it can also be a real hassle trying to keep all of those devices upgraded, backed up, and synced with 2 different computers in our house. This is one of the reasons that I was so excited when I heard Steve Jobs describe what iCloud would offer when it arrived. It was instantly going to do away with all that complication, and allow each of us to manage and backup our devices without going to a specific computer.

However, questions that were not answered in the general descriptions of Mr Jobs’ keynote soon arose after I started using the iOS 5 beta on mine and my wife’s iPhones. If we only had one Apple ID, and our iCloud account was linked to it, how were we supposed to independently synchronize our devices? And this was with only two devices in our house running the beta. We would eventually be adding four more when iOS 5 was released. How the heck was this going to work?

Unfortunately, Apple was not giving away any specific answers to this and many other specific questions during the beta. I dug through the Apple forums and did several Google searches, but most of the discussions that I came across centered on the exact opposite problem- people who had multiple Apple IDs and MobileMe account who would no longer be able to use them all one a single device. Even when I came across discussions of this issue, there weren’t any solid answers.

This put a damper on my enthusiasm for iCloud, as my wife and I would now have to pick and choose who got to use what sync features. I already had an established document workflow with Docs To Go and Dropbox, and we have an Exchange server at my office, so all of my Calendar, Contacts, Mail, and Notes are already backed up. My wife took these features in iCloud. However, I really needed a way to sync Safari bookmarks between my iPhone and iPad, so I had to take that. It wasn’t an issue having all of our content combined in Photo Stream, and iCloud never had any trouble keeping our backups separated and easy to manage. But the sync issues were definitely a concern going forward.

Finally, last weekend I tried my search again and finally stumbled upon some answers. Apple recently released a support article that describes some of these policies and processes. Unfortunately, it still doesn’t cover our one Apple ID for a group scenario. Apple certainly hasn’t made the setup process straightforward or described it in great detail, but thankfully, they have given users the ability to either set up separate iCloud accounts, or, even better for families, “sub-accounts” in iCloud that are tied to the master Apple ID iCloud account.

When you set up your first iCloud account, it automatically uses the email address of the Apple ID that you are logged into your device with. I think that this is where a lot of the confusion comes in. Your Apple ID and iCloud accounts are NOT inseparably linked. Apple never has made this distinction completely clear. Even worse, during the setup process I will take you through in a moment, they are referred to as Apple IDs. I guess they can be used as Apple IDs, but they don’t HAVE to be, and that is an important distinction.

So, here is the solution that I found to get iCloud working for my family. This process may change in the future now that iCloud is in the wild, but for now, the setup of “sub-accounts” currently takes place on your device. First of all, you need to make sure that the device you are using is currently set up with the Apple ID that you plan to use going forward. Remember that, starting in iOS 5, once you sign into the Store or iTunes with an Apple ID, you are going to be tied to it for 90 days. You can no longer switch back and forth and apps and music from different accounts. Also, you need to designate which device or devices are going to exclusively use the master iCloud account that is directly tied to your Apple ID. You will not need to perform the procedure detailed below on those devices.

Before you start the account setup process, go to the iCloud tab in your Settings app. If anything except Photo Stream, Documents & Data, and Find My iPhone are selected, turn them off.


Once you’re ready, go to the Settings app on your device, and then to Mail, Contacts, Calendars.


Now you want tap Add Account. You’ll notice that your choices now include iCloud. This is what you want to choose.


Next, Tap the Get a Free Apple ID tab at the bottom of the screen. Don’t worry. You aren’t replacing the Apple ID you purchase with. This will not change anything to do with your App Store or iTunes account. This will be a new iCloud account with an @me email address. Again, Apple could have made this process more intuitive.


After selecting you country, and entering your date of birth, you will finally be ready to set up your new iCloud sub-account. Note that you will also get a free @me email address as part of this process. Choose “Get a Free @me Email Address” to set up your new account.


Once you are finished, you will have your new iCloud sub-account. When selected from within Main, Contacts, Calendar, your account edit page will look strikingly similar to what you see when you go to your main iCloud settings.

Now, you’ll want to turn on any of the features that you want to be synced to iCloud. Only devices tied to this iCloud ID will sync here. There will not be any conflicts with the main iCloud account user’s data. As for my household, I have already set up an account for my wife, and I will probably get one for my oldest son, as well. My little ones don’t use email, contact, or calendar, and Safari is turned off in the parental controls on their devices, so they really don’t need separate accounts yet. At least the option will be there when they are ready. All of these accounts are working as intended thusfar.

So that’s the good news. However, you may notice that there are no options for Photo Stream, Documents & Data, or Backup here.


That’s because Apple has restricted those features to the main Apple ID account. Thankfully, this isn’t a problem for the most part. If you go to the iCloud tab in Settings, you will see that it is still active, and is still pointed to the master account, not your new sub-account. That is why you needed to turn off all of the sync features before you set up your new account.

So let’s go through how the iCloud accounts interact. First, you actually have the option to do Find My iPhone through either account. For the sake of organization, I would suggest that you leave this enabled under the master account, so you don’t have to log in multiple times to track down your devices.


As for Photo Stream, it really depends on what kinds of pictures you take, and how you want to access them. My wife and son and I will all be using it, and it will work fine like that for us. They will have to put up with the occasional work photos and review screenshots, but it is worth the hassle to be able to freely share pictures among ourselves. However, it would be nice to see the ability to remove unwanted pictures from the Stream, directly from your device. You can reset the entire stream from settings, but that is like using a sledgehammer instead of a scalpel. I think that would definitely broaden Photo Stream’s appeal in the eyes of some early critics.

As for device backups, they will work as described by Steve Jobs in his last keynote.


As long as your device has backup enabled under the master account in the iCloud tab of Settings, your device should automatically attempt to backup once per day when it is plugged in and logged onto WiFi with Internet access. You can also initiate a manual backup at any time from the Storage and Backup tab at the bottom of the iCloud settings page.

There is, however, one small caveat to mention in regards to backups that ties into the next topic. Apple has given us the ability to manage our iCloud backups in great detail.


You can readily see exactly how much of your free 5GB (or more, if you choose to upgrade) you are using, and exactly what apps are using it. This is a very useful addition that gives users a lot of control over their data and is extremely easy to use. However, while you can turn apps on and off here, you do not have the ability to restore the data from a single app. Device restores are still one size fits all, which seems very arbitrary and limiting, considering the amount of control Apple has given us over all other aspects of the feature.

I noticed this limitation recently when I had to reset my wife’s iPhone 3GS because of a problem related to data corruption. Unfortunately, because of that, the problem was part of her backup, so a restore wouldn’t do us any good. I had to set her iPhone up as a new device. The iCloud backup of all her app data was absolutely useless in this instance, as there was no way for me to get to that data without doing a restore. It would really be of great benefit to users if Apple would add this capability in the future. What good is a backup if you can’t use it when and how you need it?

Now we get to the part where things are, well, still a little cloudy. (Sorry. I couldn’t resist.) How will the Documents & Data synchronization work if multiple users are tied to it? I don’t think document sharing among multiple users would be the end of the world. It might add clutter to have my work stuff and my wife’s personal docs all in one location, but I’m sure it could work if we need it to. Since I am already using an alternative method, she probably won’t have to worry about me cluttering up her document collection, anyway.

While mass document syncing may be a hassle, at least we have a pretty clear picture of how it will work. We still don’t have a definitive answer on how the Data portion of this equation lines up, though. If multiple users under the same master iCloud account have this feature turned on, what will happen if they all have and use the same app? Will we constantly be overwriting each other’s game and app saves? That would absolutely suck. Is the implementation of this feature going to be left up to individual developers? If so, that could make things even worse because of the inherent lack of consistency from app to app.

According to all of the descriptions that I have read of how data sync will work, it looks like it was really geared toward an individual user with multiple devices that they want to keep in perfect sync. So, for me personally with an iPhone and iPad with several apps that I use on both, the data sync is going to be perfect. However, for the purpose of this discussion, it is a bit of a detriment that Apple isn’t giving us the flexibility to allow Document & Data sync under each iCloud sub-account.

There is another potential solution to this issue, but it will unfortunately has tradeoffs of its own. It appears that every Apple device owner has the ability to set up an individual iCloud account with the standard 5 GB of free storage, regardless of their Apple ID. So, you don’t have to set up an iCloud sub-account under a master. If you prefer, each user can have their own, individual account.

If you have already set up iCloud using your Apple ID (which is the default), then you will need to go into the iCloud settings and Delete the Account. Don’t worry, as this only deletes the iCloud account from this device.


You will also be prompted as to whether you want to keep your current data, or delete it.

Once this is done, go into the iCloud settings again. If you have already set up a sub-account, simply use that account information here. If not, then just follow the prompts to set up a new iCloud account from scratch. Now, you will have all off the services available to you, including a new Photo Stream, separate Documents and Data sync, and separate Backup. You also get a full 5 GB of storage for your new account.

Unfortunately, doing this will split up your Photo Stream, which sort of defeats the purpose of it for family use. Also, you will no longer have the option to view all of your devices at one time in Find My iPhone. Instead, you will have to remember each login and view them all separately. However, if you really need Documents & Data sync for more than one member of your household, then this is they only way to do it.

(Update: It seems that there is also another alternative iCloud setup that you can use for a family. Check the comment from Mu’aawiyah Tucker below for, what is essentially the opposite of the setup that I am using. He has a shared sub-account, with Calendar and Contacts synced and Find My iPhone shared, and then individual master iCloud accounts with their own Document Sync, Backup, and Photo Streams. If you need Document & Data sync for each user, but don’t care about Photo Stream, then this is the setup for you. Thanks to Mr Tucker for sharing this alternate solution!)

There is also what looks to be a bug in the initial roll out of iCloud that bears mentioning here. As I stated earlier, each iCloud account comes with a free @me email address. However, while some users have reported that devices tied to an individual or master iCloud account automatically get access to their new email account in the Mail app, many others like myself do not. To get around this bug, I tried to go through the same setup procedure as described earlier to set up a sub account. However, instead of setting up a new ID, I tried entering my existing iCloud ID. Unfortunately, this brings up the following error message.


So, if for whatever reason, your iCloud email doesn’t show up automatically, how are you supposed to get access to your shiny, new email address? Fortunately, there is a work-around for this issue until Apple releases an update that will squash this bug. Go to your Mail, Contacts, Calendar settings, tap Add Account, choose Other, and then Add Mail Account.


Now, you can set up a basic IMAP email account.


Enter your name and @me account information here.

Now, you will need to enter the Incoming and Outgoing Server information.

Incoming Mail Server:
Host Name: p02-imap.mail.me.com
User Name: (Your full email address, including @me)
Password: (Your iCloud account password)

Outgoing Mail Server:
Host Name: smtp.me.com
User Name: (Your full email address, including @me)
Password: (Your iCloud account password)

This certainly isn’t the polished user experience that we expect from Apple, but at least this work-around will allow you to view your new @me account on your device. Apple doesn’t allow iOS devices access to the same iCloud web services that computer Internet browsers get (another curious decision), so this is the only way to check to your email on your device if it doesn’t automatically appear under accounts. Thankfully, since setting up sub-accounts is done in the Mail, Contact, Calendar account settings, they don’t seem to suffer from this bug. I have set up 3 now, and have not seen any issues with email not showing up properly for them.

So, as I said before, Apple has given us a way to keep using a single Apple ID for multiple users and devices. The setup may not be very intuitive, or the instructions very clear, but the mechanism is there, and it does work. It does seem like each feature was created in a vacuum, having its own strengths and specific purposes. Unfortunately, because of this, it seems that using certain features as they were intended can prevent you from using others. For example, if you want all of your family on Photo Stream, forget about everyone being able to use Documents & Data and vice versa.

Understand that I’m not trying to be too hard on Apple, here. iCloud is a brand new service, and is part of a very ambitious software release, in conjunction with both iOS 5 and iTunes Match. Hopefully Apple will take the time to clean things up a bit in future updates so the setup process is less confusing and some of the features will work together to their fullest extent for more than just individual users. However, just having the capability to manage a household full of devices without shuffling between computers is definitely worth the effort. Combine iCloud’s new goodies with iTunes Match, and you have a killer combination that puts all the power to manage your iOS apps, data, and muic in the palm of your hand, which is exactly where it belongs.

Since this guide is extremely detailed and a long read, avih created a much shorter quick start guide which you can read here. If you still have questions or want to understand what each option does better, read the long guide

In this guide I will try to explain how to properly configure PCSX2 and to give some tips for running games. Here it is in steps:

1) Download the new PCSX2 v0.9.8 HERE.
2) PCSX2 comes in 3 flavors, full installer, web installer and binary. Full installer has the DirectX web installer bundled, web installer optionally downloads it from the internet, and binary is only the program with the plugins. Download the one you prefer or if you don't know which, the full installer.
3) Run the installer (if you downloaded the installer) or if you downloaded binary open the archive and extract its contents into a folder. (e.g. C:\PCSX2)
4) Run pcsx2-r4600.exe which is in the folder you installed or extracted the files.

For Linux Users
Get the new binary (has some bugs fixed against the 0.9.8 release) from here or the source from Google Code. To compile from source, follow the instructions in the Compilation Guide for Linux.
You need the following installed: libasound2-dev, libbz2-dev, libgl1-mesa-dev, libglew1.5-dev, libglu1-mesa-dev, libgtk2.0-dev, libjpeg-dev, libsdl1.2-dev, libsoundtouch1-dev, libsparsehash-dev, libwxbase2.8-dev, libwxgtk2.8-dev, libx11-dev, nvidia-cg-toolkit, portaudio19-dev, zlib1g-dev.

Plugins generally used Linux include: ZZOgl-pg (or ZZOgl), GSdx SDL, SPU2-X, ZeroSPU2, OnePad, Linuz Iso, EFP Iso, and EFP Polling.


Index

1. Plugin Configuration
   • Graphics plugin configuration
   • Sound plugin configuration
   • Pad plugin configuration
   • CDVD plugin configuration
   • Dev9 plugin configuration
   • USB plugin configuration
   • Firewire plugin configuration
2. BIOS configuration
3. Core configuration
   • EE/IOP
   • VUs
   • GS
   • GS Window
   • Speed Hacks
   • Game fixes
   • Presets
4. Misc. Settings configuration

Configuring PCSX2

The new version of PCSX2 has a first time configuration wizard to help you configure it easier so we'll first go through that.

In the first screen, you will be prompted to select the language.

In the first dropdown, simply select the language you want the program to be in.

PCSX2 will automatically store all settings, memcards and new files generated in general in your Documents folder if you used the installers, or in the same folder pcsx2-r4600.exe is located at if you used the binary version.

In the second screen you will be able to choose which plugins you want to use. The default plugins are the ones with the higher compatibility and usually fastest too, so before changing them make sure you know what you're doing.
Here you can also specify a different folder for your plugins if you want, by unchecking the use default setting checkbox and selecting a folder of your choice by clicking Browse. Open In Explorer simply opens a file explorer window in the folder you have specified.

In the third screen, you will be prompted to select your BIOS image from the list. If you can't see anything on this list, you need to either copy your BIOS files in the folder seen below, or change that folder to point to where you have your BIOS image saved. For more information about the BIOS, check the BIOS configuration section of this guide. If you can't make a selection, you will not be able to use PCSX2. Click Finish to end the First Time Configuration Wizard.


This is the main GUI(Graphical User Interface) of PCSX2. From here, you can change the settings or plugins used by PCSX2 as you see fit.
We will start with configuring our plugins then we will move onto Core settings configuration.
Go to Config =>Plugin/BIOS selector to select and configure the plugins PCSX2 will use. You'll see a screen like this (click to enlarge):


There are 3 tabs, Plugins, BIOS and Folders.

Plugins tab of the Plugins/BIOS Selector:

First off, you can uncheck the use default setting checkbox at the bottom and select a folder of your choice by clicking Browse. This is the folder from which PCSX2 loads its plugins.
At the left you see which component each plugin emulates (GS, PAD, SPU2 etc), in the middle you have the plugin selection drop down, and at the right there is the Configure button which will open the configuration dialog for the respective plugin you have selected.
Keep in mind that whenever you change the selected plugin, you will have to press the "Apply" button for the emulator to load the new plugin and make the Configure button available for it.

Now onto the actual plugin configuring:

Graphics:

First, you will want to check what version of pixel shaders and DirectX (on Windows) your graphic card supports. You can do that here.

For the time being you will be able to use 2 GS plugins: GSdx v0.1.16 and GSnull driver v0.1.0.

GSdx v0.1.16 is a DirectX 9 and DirectX 10/11 plugin by Gabest which recently got greatly improved in both speed and image quality. It requires pixel shaders 2 and SSE2 to work and Vista/Windows 7 with a DirectX 10 compliant graphics card for the DirectX10/11 mode.

GSnull is, as the name suggests, a null graphics plugin which will not output any kind of video. It is used for debugging purposes.

Select GSdx v0.1.16 and press the Configure button.

• First of all GSdx comes in 3 versions,SSE2,SSSE3 and SSE4.1.Only IF your processor supports these instruction sets use highest version you can since it will be faster for you in this order from slowest to fastest: SSE2, SSSE3, SSE4.1. Note: AMD users do NOT mistake SSE3 with SSSE3 (1 extra S) and SSE4A with SSE4.1, they are totally different and are NOT supported. In this case use the SSE2 flavor.
  SSE2 supporting CPUs: Check here
  SSSE3 supporting CPUs: Check here
  SSE4.1 supporting CPUs: Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn series (E7xxx,E8xxx and Q9xxx models), Intel Corei3, Intel Corei5, Intel Corei7, AMD Bulldozer/Bobcat
• To use the DirectX10/11 mode, you will have to be running Windows Vista or Windows 7 with a DirectX10/11 compliant graphics card (check previous link)
• DirectX10 and DirectX11 modes of GSdx for the time being are exactly the same in both terms of speed and compatibility. The only difference is that you will only see the first if your graphics card supports up to DirectX10 and only the second if your graphics card supports up to DirectX11
• Renderer: Here you can choose how the graphics will be rendered.
  
  By selecting "Direct3D9 (Hardware)", GSdx will use the Direct3D capabilities of your graphics card, boosting the emulation speed significantly.
  
  By selecting "Direct3D10/11 (Hardware)" (only selectable in Vista/Windows 7 with DX10/11 graphics card), GSdx will use its Direct3D10/11 mode which is usually the fastest mode and sometimes even more compatible as well. Highly recommended if your system supports it.
  
  By selecting "Direct3D9/10/11 (software)", GSdx will use its built-in software renderer, which will not use your graphics card at all, but your processor instead. This way the emulation speed is greatly reduced but you get maximum compatibility. Recommended if you encounter graphics bugs with the Direct3D (Hardware) renderer.
  
  By selecting "SDL 1.3 (software)", GSdx will use the SDL library for software rendering which behaves as the above software modes.
  
  By selecting "Direct3D9 (null)", Direct3D10/11 (null)", "Null (software)", "Null (null)" or "SDL 1.3 Null" the plugin will simply not render anything, thus not giving any output on screen. Use it only if you want to e.g. Hear some music since with this mode you get a dramatic speed increase.
• Interlacing: Here you are able to choose between None and 6 other interlacing techniques, which are used to remove the "shaking" of the display.
  In parentheses, you can see what kind of effect and maybe disadvantage (e.g. like the half FPS note in blend) each one of these modes have.
  You can cycle through them when running a game by pressing the F5 key.
  

  Scaling Subsection:

  Only available if a Hardware Renderer has been selected above. Here you can tweak various settings to improve the visual quality of your games by increasing the resolution the textures are rendered at or applying filtering. Do keep in mind that changing the native resolution of games can cause various glitches (from the usual very minor glitches to more serious ones in rare cases).
• D3D internal resolutions: Here you can specify the exact resolution you want resources to be rendered at!
  This way, if your PC is powerful enough (mainly your graphics card), you can play your favorite ps2 games in much higher resolutions making the graphics crisp and more detailed.
  Note that the higher the resolution, the more resources the plugin will have to use, thus making emulation much slower.
• Original PS2 Resolution - Native: If you check this box, the plugin will render in the native resolution of the ps2 (that is why Custom Resolution and Scaling get grayed out)
• Scaling: Set it to Custom to use whatever you set in the setting below (Custom Resolution). Setting it to 2x-6x will multiply the game's internal resolution by that value and render it. So if a game's native resolution is 640x320, setting this to 3x will render it at 1920x960 (triple of the native resolution). This way some upscaling bugs are prevented which would be present if you set a Custom Resolution in the boxes below.
  At this time most games and graphic cards can do x2 or x3 scaling fine but get a sharp speed drop at higher settings.
• Custom Resolution: When Scaling is set to custom, you can input here whatever resolution you want the game to be rendered at.
  
  
  

  Hardware mode Subsection:

  Only available if a Hardware Renderer has been selected above. Here you can change some settings for extra performance or video quality.
• Texture filtering: This tickbox has 3 states. Checked, grayed and unchecked.
  When checked, everything on screen both 2D and 3D will be bilinearly filtered.
  When grayed, filtering will be done as on a PS2. This is the preferred setting.
  When off, bilinear filtering is disabled completely. Lowers video quality but may help some slower graphic cards.
• Logarithmic Z: This setting may help when some of the games graphics are "see through". Can be toggled only with graphics cards that do NOT support a 32bit Z-buffer.
• Allow 8-bit textures: Uses more efficient "palletized textures" for all rendering which reduces the graphic card RAM requirements. On the other hand it increases the processing load and can cause visual bugs. Recommended to try both and see which gives you the most performance.
• Alpha Correction (FBA): (DX9 mode only) Keep this enabled as it fixes some blending problems that the DX9 mode has. Can also cause some issues.
  
  

  Software mode Subsection:

  Only available if a Software Renderer has been selected above. Here you will find options to tweak how many threads the renderer will use and turn on/off the software AA.
• Rendering threads: This box is only usable when having selected a software rendering method. Here you can specify how many threads GSdx will use while software rendering, to take advantage of all cores your processor might have, e.g. set it to 3 for quad core processors. Boosts speed significantly in multi-core systems for software rendering with more than 2 cores.
• Edge anti-aliasing (AA1): This box is only usable when having selected a software rendering method. When checked, the plugin will try to apply a form of anti-aliasing on the game improving the visuals. Use with caution, pretty much experimental at this time.
  
  

  Hacks Subsection:

  Only available if you manually edit the GSdx.ini file and change (or add if it does not exist) the line from AllowHacks=0 to AllowHacks=1.
  These settings are ONLY for advanced users that know what they are doing. These settings can and WILL cause serious glitches if used in games that don't need them! (only affect hardware modes).
• HW Anti Aliasing: Adds Anti-Aliasing of the selected level to every surface rendered. This is highly video card memory demanding and might crash PCSX2 if there's not enough RAM.
• Alpha Hack: Try this if your game has issues with fog like effects or shadows. In general, try it if you get graphics glitches in case it fixes them.
• Offset Hack: This hack adds an offset to all surfaces so that some common upscaling issues get reduced. Use this when blur or halo effects seem to appear shifted up-left of where they should be.
• Skipdraw Hack: Skips drawing some surfaces altogether, based on how likely they are to cause issues. Specify how many surfaces should get skipped after the first problematic one is found. Try lower values first like 1-3 then use higher ones (the highest the number the higher the chance of broken/missing graphics and effects). This hack may cause random speedups as well!
• Movie Capture: This is a hidden() feature. By pressing F12 while running PCSX2 with GSdx a message box will appear. In the first field you must show the plugin where the captured video will be stored, and type the file name too. In the second field you can choose a compression codec like DivX or "Uncompressed" which will not compress the video at all. If you choose a compression codec, you will be able to change its settings by pressing the "Config" button. Note that only codecs already installed in your PC will show up.
  Press F12 twice at any time to stop the capturing. The video produced will be automatically sped up to 100% for your viewing pleasure If using SPU2-X, the audio file will be saved as recording.wav in the same folder pcsx2-r4600.exe is in.
• Hit Ok to save your changes or cancel to go back to the main Configuration window

GSnull v0.1.0 plugin

• As explained at the start of this section this is a Null plugin thus it will not render anything on screen. Press Configure to get a menu with a checkbox where you can check/uncheck "Enable Logging" which will enable/disable GS logging. It should be used for debugging and developers.

Sound:

SPU2-X

The latest and best sound plugin at the time of writing this. It was first based on Gigaherz's SPU2 and later modified by Jake Stine (Air) of the PCSX2 team.
This is the only SPU2 plugin that supports effects processing (like reverb) and Dolby Pro Logic (II) (if your sound card is able to decode it).
It's also the most advanced in emulating the chip correctly. Many games only work with SPU2-X!

• Interpolation: Here you can select 1 out of 5 options:
  1)Nearest: As the description says, no interpolation is done in this mode and is the fastest one.
  2)Linear: Does linear interpolation on sound, fast.
  3)Cubic: This is another type of interpolation. Slower, with good highs.
  4)Hermite: This is the recommended option. Closest to what the PS2 would produce, thus the most accurate, but a bit slower than the above.
  5)Catmull-Rom: This is another type of interpolation. Slow, higher quality.
• Disable effects processing: Checking this will disable any emulation of effects like reverb, lowering sound quality but increasing speed.
• Reverb boost factor: As described, boosts by the selected factor the intensity of reverb effects. Can cause sound bugs.
• Enable debug options: Checking this will make the Configure Debug Options button available. When clicked it will present you with various logging options which can be enabled for debugging purposes. Should only be used by developers.
• Module: Here you can select 1 out of 5 settings, which are different ways of outputting sound in your system:
  1)No sound: Will not produce any sound (mute) resulting in best speed.
  2)X Audio 2: This is the recommended method, works better under Vista so XP users might want to try the third option.
  3)DirectSound: Should be slightly worse than X Audio 2,use it if it works better for you.
  4)Wave out: Not recommended, option 2 or 3 should always work better.
  5)Portaudio: Uses a crossplatform library called Portaudio. This is the only option aside from no sound in Linux.
• Latency: The lower the latency value the smaller audio delay you will have. Note that setting latency too low WILL cause cracks and pops in sound, so change the values until you find the lowest one that works with your game without causing cracks.
• Synchronizing mode:
  • TimeStretch: The default and recommended setting. This keeps audio and video in sync, and also helps eliminate cracks and other sound problems. Note that if your speed is low, your sound will also be as slow as your video with this setting.
  • Async Mix: Makes the audio out of sync with the video, so you will get normal sound speed even if your frame rate is not optimal. Can cause games to hang or crash so use with caution!
  • None: Audio will skip if you set this mode and you don't get max speed with the game you're running. Small FPS boost.
• Advanced: Here you can fine tune how your selected time stretcher will work. As described in the GUI, larger values are better if you are not getting good speeds while the opposite is true if you're running your game above full speed. Pressing Reset to Defaults will set all values here back in their initial setting.
• Audio Expansion mode: Here you can choose if you want the audio produced from the plugin to be expanded to your whole speaker configuration and not just in 2 channels (stereo). Only usable with the XAudio2 module.
  • Stereo: Default setting, no audio expansion when this is selected.
  • Quadrafonic: Will expand audio to 4 speakers
  • Surround 5.1: Will expand audio to 5.1 surround speakers
  • Surround 7.1: Will expand audio to 7.1 surround speakers
• Use a Winamp DSP plugin: If you don't know what this is, leave it be. (Not available in Linux at the moment.)

PAD:

Here you will be able to use 2 plugins, Lilypad v0.10.0 and SSSPSX Pad v1.7.1.

Select SSSPSX Pad v1.7.1 and press the Configure button.

You'll see a window like this (click to enlarge):

Now hit Configure to start configuring SSSPSX Pad:

• Here, you simply press on each button's name and input the key you want to assign to it. If you want to clear a key from being assigned somewhere you can click on the respective button and wait until the "Timeout: " timer reaches 0. Then the selected key will be assigned to NONE again.
• Click on the PAD1/PAD2 tabs on the upper left corner to switch from configuring controller 1 to controller 2.
• SSSPSX Pad supports analog controllers. You can assign your analog axis in the "LX,LY,RX,RY" buttons. LX is for Left analog X-Axis,LY is for Left analog Y-Axis,RX is for Right analog X-Axis,RY is for Right analog Y-Axis
• The R3 and L3 buttons are the buttons on the analog stick of the ps2 controller, R for right and L for left as usual.

Select Lilypad v0.10.0 and press the Configure button.

You'll see a window like this (click to enlarge):

• Lilypad is a very advanced input plugin supporting keyboards, mouse, game pads and XBOX 360 pads. Also it includes some very handy hacks for use with PCSX2 like the ESC hack or the Disable Screensaver option.
• For a very detailed description about what each setting does and how to properly configure it, visit the official thread of the plugin HERE. You can also download the latest version from there or from our plugins download section

Cdvdrom:

In most circumstances, you will be able to use the built in ISO loader in PCSX2 by choosing ISO in the CDVD menu, and then, under ISO Selector, either choosing an image from the list or choosing browse to add one.

However, if you want to use a plugin to do things such as playing a game from the actual DVD disc or creating a dump of an ISO file, choose "Plugin" in the CDVD menu, and then select a CDVD plugin.
By default, PCSX2 includes Gigaherz's CDVD v0.8.0, Linuz Iso CDVD v0.9.0 and CDVDnull v0.6.0.

Select Gigaherz's CDVD v0.8.0 and press configure.

• Pretty simple really, just select the drive letter from which the plugin will read the disc from. It will then directly run your PS2 game from the CD/DVD you have inserted in your drive
• This is the only plugin that at least partially supports disc changing. If you have troubles changing a disc that is required by a game try this plugin!

Select Linuz Iso CDVD v0.9.0 and hit configure.

• This plugin has the extra ability of compressing your images to save you disk space apart from running your images for the emulator.
• Click Select Iso to select the game image you want to run/compress. Once you've selected an image you can either close the config window so you can run it or press "Compress Iso" to compress it. If you selected an already compressed image you can also select "Decompress Iso" to decompress it.
• Under "Compression Method" you can select either ".Z - compress faster", which will compress your image faster but make it larger or ".BZ - compress better", which will compress your image slowly but make it smaller.
• Under Options you can check/uncheck "Enable Block Dump=>'ISO name.dump'". When checked, this option will create a "ISO name".dump file in the PCSX2 root folder(where pcsx2-r4600.exe is located) from the game you ran. This file is like a small iso, which is mainly used for debugging. It will store the sectors read during the execution of the game you ran, so afterwards you will be able to load the file(using "select iso" of Linuz Iso CDVD) and run it without any image/cd/dvd. Note that if the game will try to read any other sectors from the ones not included in the dump file, it will obviously stop responding.
• Press ok to save your changes.

CDVDnull v0.6.0

• This is a Null plugin just like GSnull, meaning it simply does nothing. It doesn't have a configuration screen for obvious reasons.

Dev9:

Here are the plugins that handle the HDD(hard disk drive) and ethernet emulation. There is only Dev9null v0.5.0 included in the 0.9.8 package, yet another Null plugin which is exactly like all the other ones.
Also there is a newer Dev9 plugin in development by Luigi__, the MegaDev9 plugin which is still in early stages but very promising. For the time being, it partially emulates the ps2 HDD. You can get it here.

Usb:

Here are the plugins that handle USB(Universal Serial Bus) emulation. The release package includes USB Null v0.7.0 which is yet another Null plugin. Nothing to configure for the above reason. There is a new USB plugin that supports USB mice, keyboards and Lightguns by Shalma called Nuvee. You can get it from our download area here

Firewire:

Here are the plugins that handle the Firewire port of the PS2.Only the FWnull v0.7.0 is included in the release package. There are no other Firewire plugins available or in development.
Nothing to configure for the above reason.

BIOS(Basic Input Output System)

In this list you will find your bios image, if you have one and have put it in the selected bios folder. Note that the only LEGAL way of obtaining a bios is dumping it from your OWN Playstation 2 console.DO NOT ask where to get the bios in the PCSX2 forum, because it's against the rules. That's because the ps2 BIOS is a copyrighted material of Sony and that makes its distribution illegal, meaning we could get in trouble if it was found out that we were supplying people illegally with bios files. If your BIOS image does not even appear on list even after you have selected your right bios directory, it is an invalid image.

Attention: It is recommended that you have all files for BIOS newer than the SCPH-10000.bin. You will probably be able to run the bios or games without having them but there may be a chance that these affect compatibility somehow. This includes rom1.bin,rom2.bin,erom.bin and a SCPH-XXXXX.nvm file where XXXXX is the version of your bios(eg SCPH-34004.nvm).This last file can be also created from PCSX2 after you configure your bios(set time zone, language etc) but it's better if you have this file directly ripped from your Playstation 2. Once more DO NOT ASK where to get these files, since they are part of the BIOS too.

Here's a quick explanation about what these files do by auMatt:

auMatt Wrote:Basically the first jap ps2 had a single bios and the dvd player etc were installed on the memcard.
The Ps2's after that first model had the Dvd Player software installed in a separate ROM (EROM) which is encrypted.
The ROM1 is an additional part of the BIOS that contains some extra stuff like ID's for DVD Player version etc.
ROM2 is the same really but I think only available in Chinese PS2's.
Hope this helps.

A new Bios dumper is already available that can dump your PS2 Bios,ROM1,ROM2,EROM and NVM. Get it HERE

Note: For maximum compatibility it is recommended that you use a BIOS image different than SCPH10000.BIN which is the oldest one. That's because with this BIOS there are problems in memory card emulation and in other sections.

How to extract the bios files from your PS2: Visit this thread and a thread HERE.
Also, here are 2 youtube tutorials on dumping your BIOS from your console:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3AVqzYcqSw (thanks to FullGrownGaming)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqhagzoULvs (thanks to tallbender)

So now we are done Configuring all plugins for PCSX2.

BIOS tab of the Plugin/BIOS selector window:

Here you'll see an identical screen to the last one of the First Time Configuration wizard, with the same usability, meaning to select a BIOS file from the list and change the folder where PCSX2 tries to find your BIOS images.

Folders tab of the Plugin/BIOS selector window.

Here you can change the folders where some of the files that PCSX2 creates will be stored at. By unchecking "Use default setting" you can click the "Browse" button to find a folder of your choice where PCSX2 will store: Save states, snapshots and logs/dumps respectively.

Core settings

Next are the Core PCSX2 settings which can be found under Config =>Emulation settings. You'll see a window like this(click to enlarge):


There are 6 tabs, EE/IOP, VUs, GS, GS Window, Speedhacks and Gamefixes. We'll start with EE/IOP.

EE/IOP tab of the Emulation Settings:

EE/IOP stands for Emotion Engine / Input Output Processor which are the core components of the Playstation 2. Below we'll describe the settings available to us:

• Emotion Engine: Select "Recompiler" to enable the recompiler for the Emotion Engine, granting a really big speedup. It's extremely compatible, so you should always use it. By selecting "Interpreter" you will be using the really slow Interpreter mode, which in some cases is more compatible, but is mainly there for debugging purposes.
• Enable EE Cache: As the text following notes, this will only work if you set Emotion Engine to Interpreter. It is extremely slow and is only known to help the japanese version of "Dead or Alive 2" to work. You can disable it after you start a fight to get the speed back.
• IOP: Same settings as above for the Input Output Processor. The Interpreter here is not such a huge slowdown as the EE but still a big speed hit.
• Round mode: Changes how rounding of float numbers is calculated. If your game is freezing somewhere, try changing the value here. Default and most compatible value here is Chop/Zero. Automatically changed when 'Automatic Gamefixes' is checked under System for some games known to need a different value than default.
• Clamping mode: These settings go from faster to slower from top to bottom. So 'None' is the fastest but least compatible and 'Full' is the slowest but most compatible. Default value here is 'Normal' which works fine for most games without compromising speed much. Automatically changed when 'Automatic Gamefixes' is checked under System for some games known to need a different value than default.
• Restore Defaults: Click this to restore all settings to their default values (which are seen as Bold in Vista/Windows 7 or colored green in Windows XP).

VUs tab of the Emulation Settings:

VUs stands for Vector Units which are the co-processors of the Playstation 2 working in parallel with the EE and IOP. The Playstation 2 has 2 of these co-processors called VU0 and VU1. Below we'll describe the settings available to us:

• VU0: In this radio box you can choose one of 3 choices: Interpreter, microVU Recompiler and superVU Recompiler [legacy].
  
  • Interpreter: By selecting this PCSX2 will use the Interpreter for the VU0 unit, which is extremely slow and not very compatible either. Should only be used for debugging and testing.
  • microVU Recompiler: The latest recompiler for the Vector Units made by cottonvibes. This option has very high compatibility with games, is more stable and has fair speed. Recommended.
  • superVU Recompiler [legacy]: The old recompiler for the Vector Units made by zerofrog. This is not actively developed any more (thus the legacy tag), has quite worse compatibility compared to microVU, more unstable and usually a bit faster. Should only be used to identify bugs with the new recompiler or for the rare cases it works better than microVU.
• VU1: As above but for Vector Unit 1.
• Round mode: Same as EE/IOP
• Clamping mode: These settings go from faster to slower from top to bottom. So 'None' is the fastest but least compatible and 'Extra+Preserve Sign' is the slowest but most compatible. Default value here is 'Normal' which works fine for most games without compromising speed much. If you experience spikey polygons or bad geometry, try setting this to 'Extra+Preserve Sign'. Automatically changed when 'Automatic Gamefixes' is checked under System for some games known to need a different value than default.
• Restore Defaults: Click this to restore all settings to their default values (which are seen as Bold in Vista/Windows 7 or colored green in Windows XP).

GS tab of the Emulation Settings:

GS stands for Graphics Synthesizer which is responsible for rendering the graphics of the Playstation 2 (among other things). Below we'll describe the settings available to us:

• Framelimiter: The options in this group can be used to control the frame rate of your games in various ways.
  
  • Disable Framelimiting: By checking this your games will run as fast as your PC can make them to, ignoring all below settings and limits. Toggle it ingame by pressing F4.
  • Base Framerate Adjust: Here you can control the base framerate for your games in a percentage. If you leave the base NTSC and PAL frame rates intact (60 and 50 fps respectively), 100% here would mean 60FPS for NTSC and 50 FPS for PAL, 110% would be 66 FPS and 55 FPS respectively etc. The frame limiter will limit the FPS of your game to these values. Setting this to higher than 100% is NOT a speed up in any form, recommended to keep it at the default value of 100%.
  • Slow Motion Adjust: Here you can control in a percentage the speed your game will be limited at when you activate slow motion. The percentages are referring to the above Base Framerate, so 50% means half of the Base Framerate speed, which you can see above how it is calculated in FPS. Toggle it ingame by pressing Shift and Tab.
  • Turbo Adjust: Identical to Slow Motion adjust but is activated when you enable turbo mode. Toggle it ingame by pressing Tab
  • NTSC Framerate: Sets the speed NTSC games will run at. Default (and normal) speed for these games is 59.94 FPS, but you can set this lower or higher to combine it with the above options. Hint: Setting this to lower values than normal can speed up a few games but doing so can break some games. Can only be changed via editing the pcsx2_vm.ini and changing the value after FramerateNTSC=
  • PAL Framerate: Sets the speed PAL games will run at. Default (and normal) speed for these games is 50 FPS, but you can set this lower or higher to combine it with the above options. Hint: Setting this to lower values than normal can speed up a few games but doing so can break some games. Can only be changed via editing the pcsx2_vm.ini and changing the value after FrameratePAL=
• Frame Skipping: The options in this group can be used to control how frame skipping works, a technique which skips drawing some frames of a game to make it feel like it's running smoother when full speed cannot be achieved. As noted in the GUI, this feature can and will cause stuttering, flashing or other abnormal behavior depending on the game. Toggle it ingame by pressing Shift and F4
  
  • Disabled: When selected disables Frame Skipping, recommended if you are getting adequate speed.
  • Skip when on Turbo only: When selected, enables Frame Skipping only when Turbo mode is on.
  • Constant Skipping: When selected, enables Frame Skipping constantly.
  • Frames to Draw: Specify how many frames will be drawn before skipping.
  • Frames to Skip: Specify how many frames will be skipped when the above frames have been drawn.
• Use Synchronized MTGS: Check this option to use a different mode of MTGS. VERY slow, only for debugging purposes.
• Disable all GS output: As the name suggests, will disable all graphics output. Used for benchmarking core PCSX2 speed and debugging.

GS Window tab of the Emulation Settings:

Here you will be able to control various aspects of the video output of PCSX2. Below we'll describe the settings available to us:

• Apect Ratio: Here you can select Fit to Window/Screen which will stretch the video to fit in your window, standard (4:3) which will set the aspect ratio of your video to 4:3 or Widescreen (16:9) which does the same with a 16:9 ratio. Keep in mind that the game's display will be stretched this way, deforming the normal display. For proper wide screen, you should set it in the specific game's menu (if it supports it).
• Custom window size: Set your preferred size for the video window in pixels.
• Zoom: As the name suggests, you can enter the percentage you want the game to be zoomed in. You can also use it while running a game by pressing Ctrl and + for zoom in and - for zoom out of the numpad.
• Vertical Stretch: This option can not be changed from the GUI but is similar to Zoom thus in this section. Does what the name suggests and is usable by pressing Ctrl-Alt and + or - of the numpad.
• Disable window resize border: When checked, removes the border used for resizing from the video window.
• Always hide mouse cursor: When checked, the mouse cursor will not be visible when it enters the video window.
• Hide window when paused: When checked, the video window will be hidden whenever emulation is paused.
• Default to fullscreen mode on open: When checked, PCSX2 will start on full screen. Switch back to Windowed by pressing Alt and Enter.
• Double-click toggles full screen mode: When checked, double clicking in the GS window will toggle from full screen mode to windowed (and vice versa).
• Wait for vsync on refresh: When checked, PCSX2 will use vsync which can reduce tearing but also greatly reduces actual FPS. Applies to full screen mode and may not work with all GS plugins.
• Dynamically toggle Vsync depending on frame rate: What this option does is explained in the tooltip, so just leave your mouse on it until the tooltip shows and read that

Speed Hacks tab of the Emulation Settings:

Speed hacks are various techniques used to speed up emulation at the cost of emulating accuracy. All of these options can and will cause severe bugs, crashes and other abnormal behaviorso use them with caution! Also note that these affect certain games only, so you might not get any speed up depending on the game. Below we'll describe the settings available to us:

• Enable speedhacks: Check/uncheck this for a quick toggle to turn on/off all selected hacks below.
• Emotion Engine (EE) Cyclerate: This hack increase the time an emulated operation takes, thus the task is easier to do for your CPU. Anything other than default can break your games, make them appear sluggish or make them start skipping frames.
  
  • Default Cycle Rate - Slider Level 1: This is not a hack, this will emulate the EE on its actual speed.
  • Slider Level 2: Reduces the EE cycle rate by 33%. Moderate speed increase, small compatibility hit.
  • Slider Level 3: Reduces the EE cycle rate by 50%. Big speed increase, moderate compatibility hit. Also can cause stuttering audio in game videos.
• VU Cycle Stealing: This hack increases the number of cycles the Vector Unit (VU) steals from the Emotion Engine (EE). This hack can and will cause false FPS readings (especially in higher values), screen flashing, slowdowns and other serious bugs with certain games!
  
  • Slider Level 0: This is not a hack, this will disable VU Cycle Stealing.
  • Slider Level 1: Small speed increase, small compatibility hit.
  • Slider Level 2: Big speed increase, moderate compatibility hit.
  • Slider Level 3: Small speed increase compared to level 2, huge compatibility hit. This level will not work properly for the majority of games causing flickering, slowdowns and graphical bugs while offering a marginal speed increase over level 2 when it works. Not recommended except for very few specific games that work well with it.
• Other Hacks: Various hacks with different usability.
  
  • Enable INTC Spin detection: This hack takes a shortcut in a known situation PS2 games do when they idle, check the tooltip for a detailed explanation. Instead of doing the idle loop it just jumps to its end and continues from there. Can give big speed boosts but only in a few games. Very safe hack with almost no compatibility hit, recommended.
  • Enable Wait Loop detection: Similar method to the above, check the tooltip for a detailed explanation. Moderate speed up with no known compatibility hit, recommended.
  • Enable fast CDVD: Reduces loading times by setting a faster disc access mode. Check the HDLoader compatibility list for games that will NOT work with this (usually marked as needing mode 1 or slow DVD). Not recommended since it can break many games.
• microVU Hacks: These hacks are only applied when microVU is selected as the recompiler in the VU tab of Emulation settings. If superVU is selected, these hacks do nothing.
  
  • mVU Flag Hack: Check the tooltip for a detailed description about how this works. Moderate speed increase with very high compatibility, recommended.
  • mVU Block Hack: Check the tooltip for a detailed description about how this works. Moderate speed increase with high compatibility.
• Restore defaults: Click this to restore all settings to their default values (which actually disables all hacks in this tab).

Game fixes tab of the Emulation Settings:

As the name implies, these are special game fixes for some games which for some reason emulating them requires something special. Note that the team has no intention of keeping hacks for specific games, these are there temporarily until a proper fix is found so they can be removed. Many of these are automatically applied when 'Automatic Gamefixes' is checked under System.

• VU Add hack: This hack is also needed because the PS2 doesn't follow the IEEE standard on floats.
  Enable it only for 'Star Ocean 3','Valkyrie Profile 2' and 'Radiata Stories'.
• VU Clip Flag Hack: This hack is only needed when superVU is selected as recompiler under VU in Emulation Settings. Needed for Persona games.
• FPU Compare Hack: This hack is needed because of the limited range of floating point numbers defined by the IEEE standard that the PS2 doesn't follow. Enable it only for 'Digimon Rumble Arena 2'.
• FPU Multiply Hack: Needed for 'Tales of Destiny'.
• FPU Negative Div Hack: Needed for Gundam games, fixes the camera view.
• VU XGkick Hack: Adds more delay to VU XGkick instructions. Needed for 'Erementar Gerad'.
• FFX videos fix: Makes GIF flush before doing IOU work. Fixes gray overlay garbage in the videos of 'Final Fantasy X'.
• EE timing Hack: Multi purpose hack. Known to help: 'Digital Devil Saga', 'SSX', 'Resident Evil: Dead Aim'.
• Skip MPEG Hack: Use this to skip freezing intro videos to avoid hanging
• OPH flag Hack: Needed for 'Bleach Blade Battler', 'Growlancer' II and III and 'Wizardry'
• Ignore DMAC writes when it's busy: Needed for "Mana Khemia - Alchemists of Al-Revis" and "Metal Saga".

Presets:

Starting from 0.9.8, the preset system was introduced. In short this is a system to help users who want a quick and easy configuration of PCSX2. When 'Presets' is checked (located at the bottom of all 6 tabs we have described until now), all of the options in these tabs will be grayed out since the Preset system will be changing them instead of you. Here are the preset levels (from slowest and most compatible to fastest and less compatible):

• 1 - Safest: As the name implies it is the safest preset in terms of compatibility. Compared to the other levels it is the most compatible and the slowest too.
• 2 - Safe (faster): Almost the same as 1 but applies some very safe speed hacks to gain a speed advantage. Compatibility should be as high as Safest.
• 3 - Balanced: Further increases the speed hacks used, taking a mild compatibility hit in favor of speed.
• 4 - Aggressive: Also adds more speed hacks and changes some clamping modes. Less compatible but faster, some games will have problems with it.
• 5 - Aggressive Plus: Lots of speed hacks, many games will be bugged but speed will be even better for those that will work with it.
• 6 - Mostly Harmful: As the name suggests, this preset will mostly do harm than help you. Most games will have problems and might even be slower than some lower presets. Not recommended.

Miscellaneous options

Now to describe what the rest of the options do:

• System =>Boot CD/DVD (full): If you press this the emulator will run the image you have selected in your CDVD plugin (or internal ISO selector) or will ask you to find an image if you haven't selected one in the CDVD plugins' configuration. If you are using the Gigaherz CDVD plugin this will instantly run the CD/DVD of the selected drive. The 'full' mode first goes through the BIOS intro just like on a real PS2 console. Use it for games that have different language translations or games with copy protection.
• System =>Boot CD/DVD (fast): As above but this option skips the BIOS intro and runs the game instantly. Helps booting some games while using newer BIOS files compared to Full Boot by skipping region checks.
• System =>Run ELF...: You can use this to run demos which are almost always in .elf format.
• System =>Pause/Resume: You can use this to Pause or Resume emulation at any time.
• System =>Load State/Save State: Here you can load/save states while running a game. In Load state, with "Backup" you can load a backup save state created with the "Backup before save" option for the selected slot.
• System =>Check/Uncheck Backup before save: When this is checked, PCSX2 will create a backup of your saved state each time you save it. Very useful in case your state got damaged or corrupt in some way. You can find the backup states in the sstates folder, they have a .backup text at the end of the filename. You can load them from the GUI with the menu described above.
• System =>Check/Uncheck Automatic Gamefixes: This will enable/disable game fixes. These fixes can have various uses, from skipping game videos which are not properly emulated yet and can stop the emulator from progressing to more advanced ones. Checking this will also enable some special configurations and game fixes for some games known to need them.
• System =>Check/Uncheck Enable Cheats: This will enable/disable game cheats. Cheats work with the same system as patches but are loaded from the Cheats folder of PCSX2. Check various guides on our forum on how to create cheat files for PCSX2
• System =>Check/Uncheck Enable Host Filesystem: This will enable/disable the Host Filesystem of PCSX2. Used mainly by demos and homebrew.
• System =>Shutdown: This will shut down the current game you are playing and reset PCSX2.
• System =>Exit: Closes the emulator
• CDVD =>
  • Iso Selector: This is the internal ISO loader of PCSX2, which does not use a CDVD plugin. You can choose any disc image PCSX2 supports by clicking Browse and run it. For your convenience, this menu entry also keeps a list of your recently used game images. This will only work if Iso is selected in the radial menu below!
  • Plugin Menu-Plugin Settings: This will show you which CDVD plugin you have chosen and let you configure it from here (instead of manually going in Plugin/BIOS Selector and doing it from there).
  • ISO-Plugin-No Disc: This radial menu controls the source from which PCSX2 will load games from. If you select ISO, the internal ISO loader will be used to load your selected games (described above). If you select Plugin, the configured plugin will be used to load your games. If you select No Disc, no game will be loaded and PCSX2 will simply boot in the BIOS.
• Config =>
  • Emulation Settings: Will open the Emulation Settings screen which we described in the Core Settings section of this guide.
  • Memory cards: Will open the memcard manager.
    
    • By clicking browse you can specify a custom folder from which PCSX2 will try loading its memory cards.
    • Select any one memcard from the list to have the Duplicate,Rename,Delete and Eject buttons available. Duplicate creates a copy of the selected memcard, Rename changes its filename, delete deletes it and Eject removes it from the assigned slot.
    • Select any empty port to have the Create button enabled. By clicking it you will see the create new memcard dialog, where you can type the filename and select between 8, 16, 32 and 64mb for the memcard's size. As the notes say, the larger the memcard size the more chances there are of failing to work with various games so be aware that some games will NOT be able to save in large memcards.
      Check "Enable NTFS compression when creating this card" to use NTFS compression on the file, saving you some hard disk space. Highly recommended to have this checked.
    • Select any memcard in the -Unused- list to enable the Insert button, which will bring out a dialog for you to choose in which port you want to insert the selected memcard.
    • Auto-Eject Memcards when loading save states: Description is in the GUI, recommended to be checked.
  • Plugin/BIOS selector: Will open the Plugin/BIOS selector screen where you can change plugins, BIOS used and folders which we described at the start of this guide.
  • Video (GS)/Audio (SPU2)/Controllers (PAD)/Dev9/USB/Firewire =>Plugin Settings: Will open the configuration screen for the selected plugin (listed here) respectively (Video/Audio/Pad/Dev9/USB/Firewire)
  • Multitap 1: Will enable Multitap 1. You also have to enable multitap in the Lilypad input plugin for it to work. Compatibility is still low, so many games will still not work with multitap yet.
  • Multitap 2: Will enable Multitap 2. You also have to enable multitap in the Lilypad input plugin for it to work. Compatibility is still low, so many games will still not work with multitap yet.
  • Clear all Settings: Will clear all saved settings restoring them to defaults and opens the First Time Configuration Wizard.
• Misc =>
  • Check/Uncheck Show Console: This will enable/disable a second window that will appear behind the PCSX2 display and is mainly used for debugging. There you will be able to see various messages that can help you identify a problem or when running a game what is being done each moment by the emulator. Red messages are errors and yellow messages are warnings.
  • Console Window:
  • Log->Save/Clear: Saves or Clears the output in the console window.
  • Appearance: Changes how the console window looks.
  • Sources: Check the various items here to add more PS2 components that will have their behavior logged in the console window.
• About: The about window. Here you can see who the emulators' authors are and some thanks.

If you still have problems using the emulator, post your problem in the PCSX2 forums HERE after reading the rules carefully

If you have an old Windows-compatible PC lying around, it's a fun exercise to set it up as a web server.  It's also not too difficult if you have a guide such as this one to hand, and it doesn't matter if the PC is pretty old. Even something with 64 MB of RAM and an 8 GB hard disk is plenty.
If you're undertaking such an exercise, a server-oriented version of Linux is a good choice.  Why server-oriented?  Because the added GUI desktop is totally unnecessary.  Why not Windows?  Because, unless you have a spare copy of Windows Server around, you’ll be limited in the number of simultaneous connections your server can support (Windows XP Home and Professional are deliberately crippled in this respect). And Windows doesn’t run very well on old hardware anyway.
The only thing you need to check is that your computer has a built-in Ethernet connector. If its networking capability comes via a USB or PCMCIA plug-in adaptor, chances are that it won't work without you getting involved in some substantial fiddling.
I'm going to use Ubuntu Server 7.10 for this project.  It’s ideally suited to the task, and it (and all the other components we’ll be installing) is available totally free of charge.  So if you fancy giving it a go, here’s what you need to do.
Our Goal
Once you have followed this document, you’ll have a working Web server onto which users can safely and securely upload files via ftp. You’ll also have Webmin installed, for remote admin functionality, plus Webalizer for generating web usage stats. Plus, you’ll be able to host PHP/MySQL sites too.
Note that commands you need to type are in a bold courier typeface like this.
By the way, if this is the first time you’ve done anything like this (which it probably is, hence needing this document) you are strongly advised to keep your new web server within the confines of your own LAN and use it purely for your own education and experimentation. Assuming your new server is connected to the internet via a broadband router, it won’t be accessible by the world in general unless you change your firewall settings in order to allow incoming connections on port 80. And frankly, that’s the way it should stay! If you want to host real live web sites, leave it to the professionals.
First Install the OS
Get hold of a Ubuntu Server 7.10 CD, which you can download from http://releases.ubuntu.com/7.10/ubuntu-7.10-server-i386.iso. Yes, I know that this isn't the very latest version, but it's perfectly acceptable for this project and it works well. If you really want to get the latest version of Ubuntu Server instead then feel free, but the instructions below might not work exactly as you expect.
To get started, boot the PC from the CD-ROM.
When asked, name your machine. I called mine webtest, but the precise name that you choose doesn't really matter.
Your PC is probably connected to the internet via a broadband or cable router that handles DHCP, in which case the Ubuntu installer should be able to make contact with the internet automatically and obtain from the router an IP address for your server.  If it can't, you’ll be asked to enter an IP address, netmask and gateway address. If this works, then that's just fine.
A word of advice: If Ubuntu can't detect a working network connection at all, that's probably because it doesn't have the necessary drivers available for your computer's ethernet socket. In which case, to be brutally frank, you should probably give up at this point. You won't have messed up your PC with a half-installed copy of Linux yet, and trying to troubleshoot Ubuntu networking is not something for amateurs. Trust me.
Anyway, assuming that Ubuntu detected a network connection, you'll now be asked how to format the hard disk. Choose "guided – use entire disk".
When asked, choose a name and password for your day-to-day user account.
From the software selection menu, select only LAMP server. That's Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP.
Next you’ll be asked for a mysql root password. Be aware that you’ll only be asked once (no confirmation required) and that the password you enter isn’t shown on screen. So make sure you know what you’re typing!
That's the basic Linux installation over.  Remove the CD when prompted and the machine will restart. If you don’t see a login: prompt after a minute or so, press Return and one should appear. Remember that this is a server installation so there's no pretty graphical interface here (and thus no need to connect a mouse to this PC).
At the login: prompt, log in with the username and password you created earlier.
If the server acquired its own IP address using DHCP, you’ll need to know what address it was allocated.  Type ifconfig and have a look at what’s listed for inet addr. You’ll need to know this address in order to connect to the machine, unless you register a domain name that points to it or you add an entry to your company’s internal DNS servers. If there's more than one entry under ifconfig, make an intelligent guess as to which is the right one.  You may find, for example, that a non-existent wifi connection with an IP address of 127.0.0.1 is also shown.
From now on we'll assume that your server is on 192.168.1.10.  Whenever you see this address mentioned below, substitute the correct address for your server.
So far, we’ve only got one account set up. We also need to set a password for the root (ie, administrator) account for when we need to do things that require root access. So type sudo passwd root, specify your current password when asked, then choose a password for the root username.
Linux doesn’t normally allow you to log in as root directly so if/when you need to use your root privileges, log in with your normal user account and then type su, then enter the root password when prompted. In case you're wondering, it stands for super-user.  If you ever forget who you’re logged in as, the whoami command will tell you. Or look at the command prompt, which will end with $ for a normal user and # for a root user.
Some Useful Commands
Here are some useful commands to get you started, now that you’ve got a usable Linux system:
shutdown –h now turns off the computer.
exit logs you out. You’ll need to do this twice if you used su. Remember that the web server is still running when you log out, so web/telnet connections to it will still work just fine. There’s no need to remain logged in all the time.
ls shows a directory listing (that's LS).
ls –la shows a better one (that's LS -LA).
cd / switches to the root directory.
cd dirname switches to the specified directory name, eg cd /etc.
clear clears the screen, like cls does in Windows.
cat is the linux version of the Windows "type" command if you want to display the contents of a text file.
rm deletes a file
cp is the linux equivalent of the DOS/Windows copy command.
find / -name xyz.ext will search the entire system for a file named xyz.ext
pwd (print working directory) tells you which directory you’re currently in
Within an ls –la directory listing, lines that start with a "d" are directories, otherwise they’re files. The other characters at the start of the line (such as rwxr--rw-) tell you who has permission to read, write, and execute the file.  A google search for chmod will tell you how to understand and change these.
Get Updated
Now we need to scan the internet for any important updates. The list of locations in which Ubuntu Server searches for updates is stored in a text file at /etc/apt/sources.list but the first entry in this file points to the Ubuntu Server CD-ROM. We need to remove this entry, otherwise we’ll keep getting prompted to insert the CD whenever we perform an update.
This file is read-only, so you’ll need to be logged in as root (via su) to proceed beyond this point. In fact, everything that follows is best done as root (this is an exception rather than a rule - if you're not doing server maintenance, never log in as root).
Type cd /etc/apt
Type vi sources.list
You’ll now find yourself facing vi, undoubtedly the worst editor ever invented. But without a GUI on your server you have little choice. Plus, it’s very handy to know the basics of vi because it's part of every Linux and unix system.
To move the cursor up, down, left and right, use the k, j, h and l keys (I told you it was bad). To delete the character under the cursor, press x. That should be enough to allow you to delete any line that makes reference to "deb cdrom" and which isn’t already commented out (ie, which doesn’t have a # at the start).
If you mess up, type :q! and press return to abandon vi. If you manage to make it work, type :w to save the file and then :q to quit vi.
You won’t have to use vi very often. Later on we’ll install Webmin, which lets you maintain your server from another machine via a web browser. There’s a proper file manager and editor built into Webmin, thankfully.
It’s now time to update the system so that you’re running the latest versions of everything.
Type apt-get update to update the catalog of possible updates.
Then type apt-get upgrade to download and install any that need installing.
Note that apt-get may not work if your internet connection goes via a proxy server. Even if you entered the name of a proxy server when you first set up the machine and configured it with an IP address, apt-get doesn’t take any notice. To fix this, type:
export http_proxy="http://yourproxy.com:80"
specifying the address (and port) of your company’s proxy server. Then try the apt-get again.
Test Your Web Server
You should now have a basic working web server, although we’re not finished yet. But you can test that everything is working by typing the server’s IP address into a web browser on another machine on your LAN. You should see a web page with a link to apache2-default, and clicking on the link will bring up a brief message.  Depending on your web browser, you may need to add http:// at the start of the address, eg http://192.168.1.10.
Next we’ll install a telnet server so that we can connect to the machine remotely over the LAN in command-prompt mode without the need to actually be seated at the server itself.
Install the Telnet Server
Type apt-get install telnetd
This will download and install the telnet server. Now we need to kick-start it, by typing:
/etc/init.d/openbsd-inetd restart
You can now log out by typing exit (you need to type it twice because you used the su command, and the first time just takes you back into non-root mode).
Everything we do from now on can be done remotely via telnet, so if you want to install the server in a hard-to-reach cupboard that’s no problem. You won’t need physical access to the server again unless something goes wrong or if you need to turn it back on after a shutdown command.
To access your server type telnet 192.168.1.10 (or whatever the IP address of your server is) from any machine on your LAN and you’ll get a login prompt. You can do this from Windows or Linux or even a Mac.
Install the ftp server and set up a Web User account
Next, we need to install an ftp server so that people can upload html pages to your new web server. An ideal tool for this particular job is proftpd (that’s Unix-speak for the Pro FTP Daemon).
If you haven’t done so already, telnet to your server and type su to get root access. Or you can work on the server directly if it’s easier, of course.
We need to take a little care to set up the ftp server in a reasonably secure manner, even though this is only for test or educational purposes. We need to ensure that a user who logs into the ftp server in order to upload web pages can’t browse the entire server but is locked into one directory. Also, we need to ensure that a user who has an ftp username and password with which to upload web pages can’t use those credentials to access the system via telnet, as that would grant them far too much power.
Type apt-get install proftpd to install the ftp server. You’ll be asked whether to choose an inetd installation or standalone. Choose inetd.
The basic ftp server is now up and running, and you should be able to log into it with your non-root account. But we still need to set up an account that will allow someone to upload their web pages without having access to any other parts of the system.
First, switch to the /etc directory by typing cd /etc. We need to edit the file called shells and add a new line that says /bin/false to the file. Then, when we set up a new user account for our web user, we’ll configure their account so that /bin/false is their command shell. Because there’s no such shell, they won’t be able to log in with telnet.
Type vi shells to edit the file. Use the cursor keys (h,j,k,l) to move the cursor to the start of a new line, then press i to enter insert mode. Press Return to insert a new line, and add /bin/false as a new line in the file. Press Esc to leave insert mode, save the file with :w then exit vi with :q and you’re done.
Each user has a home directory which contains their various files. It’s like My Documents in Windows and normally it resides in the /home directory. For web users, rather than setting their home directory to be somewhere within /home we’ll put it under /var/www, which is the root of the web server.
Let’s make an account for a user called webuser1 with a password of flintstone.  These are the steps that you need to do for each web user account you want to create:
cd /var/www
mkdir webuser1
useradd webuser1 –p xxxx –d /var/www/webuser1 –s /bin/false
chown webuser1 webuser1
passwd webuser1 and, when asked, choose flintstone as the password.
Note that xxxx above is your root password, not the one that you want to assign for the webuser1 account.
Also note the chown command which changes the ownership of the webuser1 directory from root (which created it) to webuser1. If you don’t do this, webuser1 won’t be able to upload files.
Just to make sure that everything is working, verify that you can’t telnet to the server using the webuser1 account.
Now create a simple index.html file and use ftp to upload it, using the webuser1/flintstone account.  Then surf to http://192.168.1.10/webuser1 from any machine on your LAN and you should see the uploaded page.
Before we leave proftpd, there are a couple of changes that we need to make to its configuration file in order to improve security and make things neater.
Type cd /etc/proftpd and then vi proftpd.conf to edit the config file. Move the cursor up and down with j and k until you reach the DefaultRoot line, and remove the # symbol from the start of the line by pressing the x key. This will lock all ftp users into their home directory (eg /var/www/webuser1) and won’t let them view files that are further up the tree. Without this step, our webuser account holders could use their ftp software to browse the entire server's directory structure.
While you're in proftpd.conf, add a new line near the top of the file which says:
IdentLookups        off
This will fix the problem which you’ll no doubt have noticed, of a few seconds’ delay when logging into the ftp server or uploading files.
You may also wish to change the ServerName entry from Debian to the name of your server, to make the welcome message more relevant. With vi, remember that typing i puts you into insert mode, for typing text, and Esc then puts you back into command mode from where you can type :w to save the file and :q to quit vi.
Webmin
Now that ftp is working, let’s install Webmin so that we can remotely administer the server from anywhere on our LAN via a web browser. It’s more fun and friendly than using telnet, and a great way to explore the machine.
First, make sure you’re logged in as root (via your normal user account and su) then type the following, all on one line:
apt-get install openssl libnet-ssleay-perl libauthen-pam-perl libio-pty-perl libmd5-perl
Then type:
wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/webadmin/webmin_1.380_all.deb
Note that wget probably won't work if your internet connection goes through a proxy server.  In which case, type export http_proxy="http://yourproxy.com:80" first, and then issue the wget command.
Finally type dpkg -i webmin_1.380_all.deb and Webmin should be installed and ready to use.
From another machine on your LAN, surf to https://192.168.1.10:10000 and log in as root, using your server’s root password. Note the https bit – it won’t work with plain http. Also note the :10000, which is essential.
Ignore the warning about a missing SSL security certificate – you can trust this server unconditionally because it’s yours. You will, though, need Java installed on the PC from which you intend to use Webmin, otherwise it won’t work.
Possibly the most useful part of Webmin is the file manager, which also lets you edit files. You’ll find it in the “others” category at the bottom of the left-hand menu.
Webalizer
Now we’ll install Webalizer, which is a great tool that produces graphical stats to show your web site usage. Even if you’re only using your server for test/educational purposes, it’s useful to be able to see the sort of stats that are available with such programs.
To install webalizer type apt-get install webalizer
You need to tweak the Webalizer config file before the program will work. Type cd /etc/webalizer then vi webalizer.conf and delete the .1 from the end of the LogFile entry.
Webalizer produces its reports by analyzing the Apache web server log file on a regular basis. To make it do this, you need to set up what’s called a cron job in order to run /usr/bin/webalizer regularly. Every 15 minutes should do nicely, and the easiest way to do this is via Webmin.
Go into Webmin via https://192.168.1.10:10000 from another PC and, under the System category, click on "Scheduled Cron Jobs". Then click "Create A New Scheduled Cron Job".
Choose to execute the job as root. The command to execute is /usr/bin/webalizer. Click on "Times And Dates Selected Below". Under the minutes, tick "Selected" and choose 0, 15, 30 and 45. For hours, days, months and weekdays, select "All".
Now click the Create button and close your web browser. After 15 minutes or so, surf to http://192.168.1.10/webalizer and you should see the reports and stats.  Wait another 15 minutes and you should see an updated version.
PHP and MySQL
Now we need to make PHP and MySQL work, to ensure that we can host not just static html sites but also dynamic database-driven ones. PHP should already be working just fine, so we need to test that. Create a file called test.php which contains:
<?
echo “this is a test file”;
?>
Upload it using the webuser1 account. Surf to http://192.168.1.10/webuser1/test.php and check that you see a web page containing just the message “this is a test file”. If it works, PHP is working on your web server.
To allow users to create database-driven sites we’ll install phpMyAdmin, which is a graphical web-based tool for managing MySQL databases. It’s best if we don’t allow web users to create their own databases, but we do want them to be able to manage the databases that we set up for them. PhpMyAdmin will work for both of these tasks. IE, for us to create databases and for our web users to maintain the tables within their allocated database.
As root, type apt-get install phpmyadmin
When asked which web server you’re using, choose apache2.
To use phpMyAdmin, surf to http://192.168.1.10/phpmyadmin and log in with a username of root and the MySQL root password that you set up right at the start of this document.
On the front page of phpMyAdmin, scroll down to the Privileges link and click it. Then click "Add A New User". Enter their username (webuser1 in this case), and assign them a password. This will be used for them to log into phpmyadmin, and they’ll also use it in their PHP code in order to connect to their database (using a host name of localhost). It’s up to you whether you make it the same as their ftp password (flintstone). In this example, let’s set the password as barney.
Click "Create database with same name and grant all privileges" and all the hard work will be done for you. A database called webuser1 will be created, with permission for the webuser1 account to do everything except creating new databases.
Log out of phpmyadmin (just close your browser), and then log in again. This time, use a username of webuser1 and a password of barney. You should see only the webuser1 database and no others, and you should find that you can create tables on the database but you can’t create new databases.
You may also find that you can see a database called information_schema as well as your webuser1 database. However, this is harmless and can be ignored – it’s not a security risk.
And that's it.  You now have a fully working web server that you can use for test, development and training purposes.
If you want to tell people about this, please link to this page rather than copying the text elsewhere, as this document is frequently updated.